A chiasm is a literary structure where vocabulary of the first section of a passage is repeated in reverse order in the second. The center of the chiasm is typically the climax of the passage. John 1:3-5 contains three chiasms. Each verse is a separate chiasm. In John 1:3 the center is that all things came into being through him and apart from him nothing came into being. In John 1:4 the center is that in him was the life that enlightens men. The center of John 1:5 is that the darkness does not comprehend
Christ’s light.